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WAS THE ATONEMENT FINISHED AT THE CROSS?
Psalm 69:27-28 ...'Add iniquity unto their iniquity: and let them not come into thy righteousness. Let them be blotted out of the book of the living, and not be written with the righteous.'
The majority of professed Christians in the world do not understand the significance of the above verse, due to a wrong understanding of the atonement, and it is my prayer that you will seriously and prayerfully study this page and subject to find out the truth, so that instead of your name being blotted out of the book of life, your sins may be blotted out.
The popular teaching within the churches today says the atonement was finished at the cross and that Christ completed His atoning work for us at Calvary. Those who believe the atonement was finished at the cross, totally ignore the important shadows and types that were setup in Old Testament times, which were to be literally fulfilled in Christ.
We will show you on this page that it was impossible for the atonement to be finished at the cross. And yes, we will deal with the famous words "it is FINISHED" and also what Paul said further down the page.
What does it mean if something is a "shadow"? If you follow a shadow, will it just disappear? No. A shadow is cast by a real object and if you follow that shadow, you will come to the reality. This is what the Old Testament types and shadows were for. They were to bring us to the reality that is in Christ. They were to teach the Jews and us what Christ was going to fulfil. And this is the important point to remember. Christ was to actually fulfil the types and shadows in the Old Testament. Why do you think the Old Testament finishes with the command from God to "Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded him." (Malachi 4:4)? Because the types and shadows in the law of Moses teaches us beautiful truths about what Christ was to fulfil. Let's look at the types and shadows concerning sin and making atonement for sin:
SIN OFFERING - Leviticus 4:27-35 ...'And if any one of the common people sin through ignorance ... or if his sin, which he hath sinned, come to his knowledge: then he shall bring his offering, a kid of the goats, a female without blemish, for his sin which he hath sinned. And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering, and slay the sin offering in the place of the burnt offering ... And if he bring a lamb for a sin offering, he shall bring it a female without blemish. And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering, and slay it for a sin offering in the place where they kill the burnt offering. And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin offering with his finger, and put it upon the horns of the altar of burnt offering, and shall pour out all the blood thereof at the bottom of the altar ... and the priest shall make an atonement for his sin that he hath committed, and it shall be forgiven him.'
Leviticus 4:13-20 ...'And if the whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done somewhat against any of the commandments of the Lord ... When the sin, which they have sinned against it, is known, then the congregation shall offer a young bullock for the sin ... and the bullock shall be killed before the Lord. And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock's blood to the tabernacle of the congregation ... And the priest shall dip his finger in some of the blood, and sprinkle it seven times before the Lord, even before the vail ... and the priest shall make an atonement for them, and it shall be forgiven them.'
Numbers 15:27-28 ...'And if any soul sin through ignorance, then he shall bring a she goat of the first year for a sin offering. And the priest shall make an atonement for the soul that sinneth ignorantly, when he sinneth by ignorance before the Lord, to make an atonement for him; and it shall be forgiven him.'
Let's just think about this for a moment. We can clearly see above what was to happen when a person, or the whole congregation sinned. And remember, the whole congregation bore the sin of one person as shown in Joshua 7, regarding Achan and also Numbers 15:24. Now, was the above 'shadow' and 'type' to be fulfilled in Christ? Yes, no doubt. But let us look at what was involved. The sinner had to offer and slay an 'innocent' animal 'without blemish.' This clearly pointed to the fulfillment in Christ, our perfect 'lamb without blemish' who was slain for us on the cross at Calvary. Now my question is, did it end there? Was that "job done"? Did slaying the animal 'make atonement' for the sinner? No. As you can clearly see from the 'shadow' and 'type' in Leviticus and Numbers above, a priest was appointed to then take that blood, transferring the sin to the sanctuary to 'make atonement' for the sinner. The sinner did not receive atonement from just the slaying of the innocent animal. The sinner received final atonement through the work of the priest - "THE PRIEST shall MAKE ATONEMENT."
Do you see this? Remember, a shadow HAS to meet it's REALITY, it does not just disappear. And how many realities are in this picture? 1-Sacrifice offering, 2-Priest to make atonement. There are TWO realities to be fulfilled from the 'shadows' and 'types'. Christ was not just to fulfil the role of sacrifice offering. He was also to fulfil the role of High Priest to make atonement for us.
Leviticus 4:16-17 ...'And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock's blood to the tabernacle of the congregation: And the priest shall dip his finger in some of the blood, and sprinkle it seven times before the Lord, even before the vail.'
So the sin offering was made, which pointed to Christ on the cross, but there is something else that happened AFTER the sin offering was made, which we can see above. The priest was to 'mediate' for that person or congregation, taking the blood into the sanctuary to make atonement for the people. So those who stop at the cross and say Christ's work of atonement was complete are missing the important part the priest played in the 'type', which was also to meet it's reality in Christ.
So those who believe the atonement was finished at the cross need to ask themselves some serious questions:
1 - The atonement was made by the priest. Who was the appointed priest at Calvary?
2 - The atonement was made in the sanctuary by the priest. Calvary was not the sanctuary.
Now Paul confirms what we are saying on this page without question in the book of Hebrews, chapters 8 and 9. Let us carefully examine what Paul says in the following verses in Hebrews:
Hebrews 8:1-4 ...'Now of the things which we have spoken this is the sum: We have such an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens; A minister of the sanctuary, and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, and not man. For every high priest is ordained to offer gifts and sacrifices: wherefore it is of necessity that this man have somewhat also to offer. For if he were on earth, he should not be a priest, seeing that there are priests that offer gifts according to the law.'
Look at what Paul said regarding Jesus being our High Priest. If he were on earth, He COULD NOT be our priest. This means Jesus could NOT be our priest at the same time as when He was our sacrifice on earth. The role of High Priest had to come AFTER His resurrection and ascension to heaven, because as you can also see from Hebrews above, Jesus was to be a "minister of the sanctuary" in heaven, "of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, and not man." So Jesus was to become our High Priest after His sacrifice and return to heaven. But to do what? To fulfil the 'shadow' and 'type' as given in the old covenant - to make atonement for us. Look at Hebrews 9:
Hebrews 9:6-26 ...'Now when these things were thus ordained, the priests went always into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the service of God. But into the second went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people: The Holy Ghost this signifying, that the way into the holiest of all was not yet made manifest, while as the first tabernacle was yet standing: Which was a figure for the time then present, in which were offered both gifts and sacrifices ... But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building; Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us ... For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us: Nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place every year with blood of others; For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.'
As you can see clearly above, Christ entered into the heavenly sanctuary, the TRUE tabernacle of which the earthly was a copy, there to fulfil the role of High Priest, of which the earthly priest was a 'type' of Christ mediating for the people to make atonement for them and their sins with blood. This role Christ could NOT fulfil while on earth. His role on earth was the role of 'offering' and 'sacrifice'. Only AFTER this was accomplished was Christ then able to BECOME our Mediator (1 Timothy 2:5) and make atonement for our sins.
Are we saying that the sacrifice of Christ on the cross was not the atonement? No. What we are saying, as the Bible clearly lays out, is that Calvary was the BEGINNING of the atonement. The offering of the spotless animal in the Old Testament 'type' was the beginning of the atonement. But it was the priest who completed that atonement for sinners. Jesus dying on the cross was the beginning of His atoning work. Now He is in heaven as our High Priest FINISHING the atonement.
Look at what it says in the last verse of Hebrews 9:26 above. What does it mean where it says "in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin"? To 'put away sin' means to 'cleanse' to 'make clean', 'reconcile', 'purify', 'sanctify' - to ATONE, to make us 'at-one-ment' with God. So clearly, the atonement did not finish at the cross, it began at the cross. And Jesus is now making final atonement for us in the heavenly sanctuary as our High Priest and Mediator before the Father.